Prediction of ground reaction forces and moments and joint kinematics and kinetics by inertial measurement units using 3D forward dynamics model

Predicting the ground reaction force (GRF) and moment (GRM) with a biomechanical model-based approach has an advantage for gait analysis in situations where statistical model cannot be used due to lack of training data. However, current prediction methods using have some issues clinical application. The present study developed new inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based method predict GRF, GRM, joint kinematics kinetics 3D simple system. predicts them forward dynamics that computationally generates human movements minimize hybrid cost function defined by physical loads errors between motion participants recorded six IMUs, which allows system use only relatively small number IMUs. We investigated accuracy during walking comparing conventional plate capture As result, we observed strong excellent correlations anterior vertical sagittal hip flexion angle, knee torque, ankle dorsiflexion torque. Considering previous studies required analysis, could practical estimated biomechanically valid motions based on optimization includes evaluation. Moreover, applications because potential applied sports can analyze consisting hardware components software.